What country is not in debt?
Singapore is one of Asia's major financial centers. It is also one of the most prosperous countries on the planet. And all this has been achieved without taking on any meaningful public debt. In fact, very much like Norway, Singapore has more assets than debt.
Japan has the highest percentage of national debt in the world at 259.43% of its annual GDP.
Just about every country has debt: governments take loans to pay for new roads and hospitals, to keep economies ticking over when recessions hit or tax revenues fall. Sometimes they borrow from countries, other times banks, or maybe asset managers—companies like those investing your pension dollars.
Who owns this debt? The public owes 74 percent of the current federal debt. Intragovernmental debt accounts for 26 percent or $5.9 trillion. The public includes foreign investors and foreign governments.
By January of 1835, for the first and only time, all of the government's interest-bearing debt was paid off. Congress distributed the surplus to the states (many of which were heavily in debt). The Jackson administration ended with the country almost completely out of debt!
In fact, the Norwegian sovereign wealth fund is larger than the existing level of public debt. As a result, Norway has de facto no net debt.
- Japan. Japan held $1.1 trillion in Treasury securities as of October 2023, beating out China as the largest foreign holder of U.S. debt. ...
- China. China gets a lot of attention for holding a big chunk of the U.S. government's debt. ...
- The United Kingdom. ...
- Luxembourg. ...
- Cayman Islands.
- Bermuda.
- Germany.
- Norway.
- Korea.
- Saudi Arabia.
- France.
- Singapore.
- Brazil.
Having no more debt means, that the government does not have to pay interest anymore. This can mean, that there is more money free to spend on other things like infrastructure or welfare.
Luxembourg, whose financial sector makes up 25% of its GDP, is the world's richest country by GDP per capita. With a population of just 660,000, the country is also considered a tax haven, incentivizing foreign investment due to its favorable tax policies.
Who does us owe 31 trillion to?
Many people believe that much of the U.S. national debt is owed to foreign countries like China and Japan, but the truth is that most of it is owed to Social Security and pension funds right here in the U.S. This means that U.S. citizens own most of the national debt.
If China (or any other nation having a trade surplus with the U.S.) stops buying U.S. Treasuries or even starts dumping its U.S. forex reserves, its trade surplus would become a trade deficit—something which no export-oriented economy would want, as they would be worse off as a result.
On January 8, 1835, President Andrew Jackson achieves his goal of entirely paying off the United States' national debt. It was the only time in U.S. history that the national debt stood at zero, and it precipitated one of the worst financial crises in American history.
Tax hikes alone are rarely enough to stimulate the economy and pay down debt. Governments often issue debt in the form of bonds to raise money. Spending cuts and tax hikes combined have helped lower the deficit. Bailouts and debt defaults have disadvantages but can help a government solve a debt problem.
At the top is Japan, whose national debt has remained above 100% of its GDP for two decades, reaching 255% in 2023.
On the contrary, there would be no money. The national debt accounts for the money in circulation around the world and a country. Principally, the national debt fuels all other debts and its non-existence will result in the complete decimation of money.
- Argentina: In 2001, Argentina defaulted on its $100 billion debt to foreign creditors. ...
- Greece: In 2015, Greece defaulted on its $320 billion debt to foreign creditors. ...
- Zambia: In 2020, Zambia defaulted on its $12 billion debt to foreign creditors.
Tax cuts, stimulus programs, increased government spending, and decreased tax revenue caused by widespread unemployment generally account for sharp rises in the national debt.
Public debt in Russia averaged 15.4% of GDP in the decade to 2022, below the average of 32.5% of GDP for Eastern Europe. Public debt in Russia was 18.9% of GDP in 2022. For more public debt information, visit our dedicated page.
The financial position of the United States includes assets of at least $269 trillion (1576% of GDP) and debts of $145.8 trillion (852% of GDP) to produce a net worth of at least $123.8 trillion (723% of GDP).
Who owns over 70% of the U.S. debt?
Who owns the most U.S. debt? Around 70 percent of U.S. debt is held by domestic financial actors and institutions in the United States. U.S. Treasuries represent a convenient, liquid, low-risk store of value.
According to the US Treasury, Russian ownership of US Treasuries was $2.1 Billion in Nov 2022. That's so small an amount it might as well be zero. Someone could sell $2 Billion in treasuries on the market at any time without anyone “batting an eye”. The figure was $12.7 Billion in Feb 2020.
The federal government borrows money from the public by issuing securities—bills, notes, and bonds—through the Treasury. Treasury securities are attractive to investors because they are: Backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government.
Essentially, the Japanese government's strategy is to borrow at an extremely cheap rate and invest in risky, high-return assets—a factor that partially explains why Japan can sustain a high level of debt despite running a consistent deficit.
The obvious reason is Japan willfully EXPORTS manufactured goods to the United States, and earns United States Dollars, which it wants to own. Those US Dollars are ultimately paid into Japan's checking account at the Federal Reserve. Japan can then pay Japanese companies in domestic Yen, not in foreign currency.
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